First Tuesday Book Club Essay Example for Free

First Tuesday Book Club Essay The Book Thief by Markus Zusak ranks number two on a list of â€Å"Ten Aussie Books to Read Before You Die† voted for by viewers of the ABC’s First Tuesday Book Club. Discuss the Significant Features of the novel that have contributed to its success, analysing and evaluating their contribution. The novel, â€Å"The Book Thief† by Markus Zusak was first published in 2005. The story is set in Germany, 1939, the time of World War Two. Many significant characters are revealed though out the novel such as Death, Hans Hubermann, and Liesel Meminger. These characters are memorable as well as lovable, but also bring out the idea’s and style of the Novel. Death is one of the major characters in The Book Thief as not only does he give the book a certain style but also the book is set from his perspective. â€Å"It’s the story of one of those perpetual survivors.† (Markus 2005, p.6) Death is shown as impatient and spills in the beginning the main events in the book such as the bombing raid the takes place, the death of the American fighter pilot as well as the fate of important characters. Death even notices it and apologises. By him being exposed as impatient, Zusak has been able to use the literary style of foreshadowing. Markus Zusak mentions in one of his interviews, â€Å"I deliberately made Death let the plot out of the bag. It lends to the idea of his knowingness, and that he is not human. He does not function exactly how a human would in his story-telling There was also the idea that knowing what would happen in advance might soften the blow, and its also a challenge to myself.† (Little Willow 2006) Death uses colours to not only describe certain moments, but also the colour of the sky when people are dying. There are three moments in the book where Death comes across Liesel and he uses three colours to describe these moments, when her brother died it was white, â€Å"It felt as though the whole globe was dressed in snow.† (Markus 2005, p.7) When the American fighter pilot died it was black, â€Å"It was the darkest moment before the dawn.†(Markus 2005, p.10) There was the last time when he encountered Liesel, when the sky was red, â€Å"The sky was like soup boiling and stirring. In some places it was burnt.†(Markus 2005, p.13) the use of colours creates a style which sets the mood. Whether the mood should be silent, soft and still, or it should make you angry. Death isn’t given a gender in the the novel and although he has feelings, it gives the idea as well as shows he is not human. There are other ways that Death shows he is not human. He clearly states â€Å"I am haunted by humans† which separates him from humanity. â€Å"To prove to me that you, and your human existence, are worth it.† (Markus 2005, p.16) Death acknowledges the idea of whether humans are worth it. Throughout the Book Thief it is noticed that there are many characters that truely are worthy such as Hans and clearly Liesel. Death illustrates that through all the ugliness that is happening at that time, even though the story is set at the time of the Holocaust as well as World War Two, that there is beauty that shines. It makes a difference. â€Å" He had the ability to appear in the background He was always just there. Not noticeable There was most definitely a value in him† (Markus 2005, p.34) Hans wasn’t a main character within The Book Thief, but was an important character. He creates the love and joy within The Book Thief. â€Å"I nearly wrote you a reply and signed your mother’s name I couldn’t. I couldn’t bring myself.† Hans is a caring, and gentle. This stands out as the book thief has many sad moments by him being caring and gentle it gives you another view of what life was like in World War two as Hans is an average German man, but he disagrees with what is currently happening in Germany. â€Å"When he looks at me and smiles and breathes, I hear notes.† Hans’s accordion was not only a symbol of his kindness, but also is a part of him. Markus Zusak has carefully placed this in the book by writing about Rosa clinging to it at night when Hans works for the military and Liesel mentioning that she sometimes imagines Hans as an accordion when he plays. Liesel is the main character who still finds happiness out of an awful situation. â€Å"The words. Why did they have to exist? Without them, there wouldn’t be any of this. Without words, the Fuhrer was nothing. There would be no limping prisoners, no need for consolation or worldly tricks to make us feel better.† (Markus 2005, p.521) Although at age 9 Liesel is illiterate she soon learns the power that words have to heal and save such as Liesel reading books to Frau Holtzapel to heal the pain she felt. â€Å"It’s the story of one of those perpetual survivors- an expert at being left behind.†(Markus 2005, p.6) Liesel is seen as a â€Å"perpetual survivor† because despite many people dying and all the suffering she manages to still have pure happiness. The style and ideas are shown through the characters and the book is unusual in so many ways as it tackles ideas most don’t want to think about such as the ugliness and beauty of humans and whether some deserve to live. It also shows the power humans have through words and what we believe in. It looks at a different perspective of death so instead of humans being afraid of death, Death is afraid of humans. It’s a sad, depressing story where many good characters die, but it shows lightness. Good people who stand out even if not important. The novel is beautifully written as it flows like a poem with such power. These are the significant features that have contributed to its success. Zusak, M 2005, The Book Thief, PanMacillan, Sydney. Little Willow 2006, ‘Interview: Markus Zusak’, Blog post, interview, 4 June, accessed 22 May 2013, .

An Investigation Into The Rate of Reaction of The Catalase Enzyme :: Papers

An Investigation Into The Rate of Reaction of The Catalase Enzyme Introduction: In this experiment I will attempt to investigate the factors that effect the rate of reaction of the catalyse enzyme. Catalyse is an enzyme found in food such as potato and liver. It is used for removing hydrogen peroxide because of the shape of the hydrogen peroxide molecule; this type of reaction is when a molecule Is broken down into smaller pieces called catabolic reaction. Enzymes are proteins e.g. catalyse. They are made in cells. A catalyst is something that speeds up a reaction. One molecule can usually be used many times. All enzymes work at different pHs because they have different jobs to do but you cant use a ph which isn't suitable for that particular enzyme which you are using, other wise the enzyme will de nature. Enzymes also react with tempreture but like the ph the temperature cant be unsuitable to the enzyme other wise it will de nature or slow down the enzymes which would make it very difficult to obtain accurate and reliable results. A carbohydrase enzyme is different to a catalyse enzyme and other enzymes because enzymes have different patterns (shape). Enzymes are like keys to different substrates like e.g. fat, sugar and the substrates are like keyholes. Mass of potato Volume Of Oxygen Average 1g 1.8ml 1.8ml 1.6ml 2ml 2g 2.6ml 1.10ml 2.5ml 2ml 3g 4.2ml 3.6ml 3.8ml 4ml 4g 4.9ml 4.9ml 4.9ml 5ml 5g 5.5ml 5.1ml 5.6ml 5ml 6g 5.7ml 6ml 6ml 6ml As you see from the preliminary results there where a lot of problems along the way but this is only to help me set out the proper results

Nursing as a Profession Essay

The question of whether the practice of nursing is considered a profession or an occupation is an ongoing debate, much like the ongoing debate over what defines a profession. Several scholars have outlined criteria for considering an occupation to be a profession. Given a list of scholars and their criteria for what characteristics define a profession, I have chosen the list formulated by Lucie Kelly, RN, PhD, FAAN. Although the scholars’ works seem to share similar criteria and any could be selected for comparison, I have chosen Kelly’s criteria based on her background in the nursing profession. In addition to being a nurse, Dr. Kelly is a writer and a teacher. She compiled a list of eight characteristics of a profession in 1981 (Chitty & Black, 2011, p. 66). Though they were written over 30 years ago, Kelly’s criteria are still relevant to modern nursing practice. According to Kelly’s first criterion, a profession should provide a service to humanity and to society as a whole (Chitty & Black, 2011, p. 66). I believe that there is no sustainable argument against the fact that this is exactly what nurses do. Nurses provide a service by caring for individuals in our society who are ill or injured, and they educate and promote wellness in their communities. I believe that the nursing establishment certainly meets and possibly defines the requirements for this particular standard. I believe nursing also meets the second standard, which states that a profession should possess a special body of knowledge that is constantly advanced through research (Chitty & Black, 2011, p. 66). Nursing is based on science, but what sets the profession apart is the focus on the individual as a unique being and their response to health problems. Nursing is constantly being refined through evidence-based practice. â€Å"Nursing is no longer based on trial and error but increasingly relies on theory  development and research as a basis for practice† (Chitty & Black, 2011, p. 66). The third characteristic of a profession, according to Kelly, is that the service involves intellectual activities and that accountability is an important feature of those activities (Chitty & Black, 2011, p. 66). I believe nursing also meets these requirements through the nursing process. In order to provide care for an individual, a nurse must assess the problem, decide on an approach (or plan of care), and implement that plan. The nurse has to be able to evaluate the outcome of those actions and adjust the plan accordingly. Autonomy is an important part of this individual responsibility. Nurses are held accountable for their individual actions by their employers, patients, and the public. Registered nurses today are required to meet strict educational standards before applying for licensure. Kelly’s fourth criterion requires practitioners to be educated in institutes of higher learning (Chitty & Black, 2011, p. 66). Associate or baccalaureate degrees are the most common education levels for registered nurses. Some diploma programs are still being run in hospitals, but their numbers are steadily declining (Chitty & Black, 2011, p. 149). Graduate degree programs focused on education, research, and advanced practice provide opportunities for nurses to progress in their careers. The fifth characteristic of a profession is the one that I think is most debated. It states that practitioners are relatively independent and regulate their own policies (Chitty & Black, 2011, p. 66). Nursing is autonomous and self-governing. Over time, nursing has established its own values, ethics, and protocol. However, many would argue the actual performance of nursing itself still falls under the direction and control of physicians and administrators. Nursing is classically regulated in the facility in which the nurse works by their institutional policies. Also, many people feel that because a nurse must have orders from a physician, they lack autonomy (Chitty & Black, 2011, p. 66). This debate about autonomy ties in with the discussion on the third criterion. Nurses provide  nursing care autonomously; they do not practice medicine. For the sixth of Kelly’s eight characteristics, the statement made is that practitioners are motivated by service and consider their work an important component of their lives (Chitty & Black, 2011, p. 66). Nursing easily meets this criterion. I believe the majority of nurses, if asked why they chose nursing, would immediately respond that they want to help others or to make a difference. I believe most nurses derive their greatest satisfaction from nursing when they know they have done a good job, helped someone in need, or simply lightened the load that burdens a patient. Nursing is one of the purest forms of altruism as I understand it. The importance of their profession in their lives is apparent; simply ask a nurse what they do. The seventh and eighth characteristics can be addressed together. The seventh characteristic is that a code of ethics exists, and the eighth is that there is an organization that supports this code (Chitty & Black, 2011, p. 66). There are a number of professional organizations to which nurses belong. The ANA, or American Nurses Association, is the foremost nursing organization in the United States. The ANA sets policies, has established the most widely recognized code of ethics, and lobbies to promote the recognition of the field of nursing (â€Å"NursingWorld†, 2012). All licensed nurses are regulated by their state board. Each state sets standards for scope of practice. According to Kelly’s eight characteristics, the field of nursing certainly meets the criteria of a profession with little room for debate. Over the last century, nursing has evolved from a task-oriented occupation to an intellectual profession through research, education, and organization. There are some barriers to complete acceptance of nursing as a profession. Nurses have a responsibility to themselves to advance their profession both internally and in the eyes of the public. I consider nursing to be a profession, and will continue to practice as a professional nurse to the best of my ability. References Chitty, K., & Black, B. (2011). Professional nursing: Concepts & challenges. (6th ed.). Maryland Heights, MO: Saunders Elsevier. NursingWorld. (2012). Retrieved September 26, 2012 from American Nurses Association website: http://www.nursingworld.org/

What Causes PHP Code to Show Up as Text

Youve written your first PHP program, but when you go to run  it, all you see in your browser is the code—the program doesnt actually run. When this happens, the most common cause is that you are trying to run PHP somewhere that doesnt support PHP. Running PHP on a Web Server If you are running PHP on a web server, make sure you have a host that is set up to run PHP. Although most web servers support PHP nowadays, if you arent sure, a quick test can give you the answer. In any text editor, create a new file and type:   phpinfo() ; ? Save the file as test.php  and upload it to the root folder of your server. (Windows users make sure to display all file extensions.) Open a browser on your computer and enter the URL of your file in the format: http://nameofyourserver/test.php Click Enter. If the web server supports PHP, you should see a screen filled with information and a PHP logo at the top. If you dont see it, your server doesnt have PHP or PHP is not started properly. Email the web server to ask about your options. Running PHP on a Windows Computer If you are running your PHP script on a Windows computer, you need to manually install PHP. If you havent already done so, your PHP code wont execute. Instructions for the installation process,  versions and the system requirements are listed at the PHP website. After it is installed, your browser should run your PHP programs directly from your computer. Running PHP on a Mac Computer If you are on an Apple, you already have Apache and PHP on your computer. You just need to activate it to get things working.  Activate Apache in the Terminal, which is located in the Utilities folder, by using the following command instructions. Start Apache web sharing:   sudo  apachect1 start Stop Apache web sharing: sudo  apachet1 stop Find the Apache version: httpd  -v In macOS Sierra, the Apache version is Apache 2.4.23. After you start Apache, open a browser and enter: http://localhost This should display It Works! in the browser window. If not, troubleshoot Apache by running its config file in Terminal. apachect1 configtest   The configuration test may give some indications why the PHP isnt executing.

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The Mysteries of the Construction of Pyramids in Egypt

One of the greatest mysteries of the ancient world has always been how the great pyramids of Egypt were built. It was a long time ago, long before we had bulldozers, cranes and all that heavy-duty equipment. This leads some groups of people to believe that because Egyptians were â€Å"primitive†, there is no way they could have done all the work themselves. Thus the most logical explanation as to who could have helped our helpless Egyptians had to be aliens. Aliens had traveled from afar to build these giant pyramids for whatever reason. (1) The immense size and architecture of the pyramids have made some people really believe that aliens had some part in constructing them because of the lack of technology the Egyptians had at the time. People who support this theory use the fact that the pyramids are perfect in their slopes and sides. Their location and how it aligns with some stars or the sun, this was all used as evidence to support the fact that Egyptians who didn’t even have the wheel could build such a massive structure. Khufus pyramid, which stood at 480 feet, was supervised by Hemiunu (2) and is one of the pyramids that alien believers think was built using advanced technology. The Great Pyramids are pretty impressive to look upon, and it does get you wondering how a civilization so old created such amazing and massive structures. Though most of it can be explained buy some evidence left behind by the Egyptians as to how the Khufus Great Pyramids were built. The threeShow MoreRelatedThe Great Pyramids Of Giza1026 Words   |  5 Pages The Great Pyramids of Giza By: Brittany Wright ART 101 December 3, 2015 Egypt: This research is on the Ancient Egyptian Culture. Ancient Egypt was located in Northeastern Africa along the Nile River. 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The Greeks derived many of their statues from Egyptian sculptures, such as the Kouros 600 B.C.Read MoreCompare and Contrast between Angkor Wat and the Pyramid of Giza1646 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and Contrast Pyramids of Giza and Angkor Wat â€Å"It is not the beauty of a building you should look at; it’s the construction of the foundation that will stand the test of time.† By David Allan Coe The quotation above means that the beauty of a building is not as important as the construction of the prototypes of its structure. Basically, the development of its foundations and techniques are more important than those of its attractiveness. Meanwhile, Angkor Wat and Pyramids of Giza are two ancientRead MoreThe Achievements Of Ancient Egypt1291 Words   |  6 PagesTemples, tombs and pyramids have all witnessed this earth for thousands of years. These architectural achievements show us that Egypt s greatest virtue lie in its architecture. 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To construct a structure such as pyramid required leadership and art that few cultures of that period could achieve. History of the pyramids and the relationship between the shape

Sample on Interpersonal Communication & Everyday Encounters

Question: Discuss about the Interpersonal Communication for Everyday Encounters. Answer: Introduction: Communication is undoubtedly one of the most important skills that a person at the managerial level should possess. As commented by Arnold and Boggs, (2015), a person involved in the management of a company understands the complexities that are involved in the process of management. Therefore, developing better communication abilities is indeed important. The aim of this study is to diagnose the key areas of communication. In order to evaluate it, a number of diagnostics tools will be used. It is based on the analysis two communication issues will be identified. Theories of inter personal communication will be developed and based on the understanding an action plan will be made. Diagnosis and reflection: In order to conduct the self evaluation process, a number of diagnostic tools have been used that has helped in evaluation of self. 5 Diagnostic tools have been used for the self analysis. These tools are Johari Window, Communications Style Questionnaire, Assertiveness Questionnaires, Quinn Management Questionnaire, the ESCI (Emotional Intelligence). The Johari window has helped me to understand my position and relationship with others (Rice Nguyen, 2015). I have understood that I stay t the hidden area and that I have no knowledge about other people with whom I usually associate with. The Communication Style Questionnaire has helped me to understand the degree of comfort that I feel with others. In this respect, I would like to say that the diagnosis has helped me to understand that I do not feel comfortable with people in groups and at times, I often land up with some arguments with others if I stay in groups (West Turner, 2013). It has also happened at times that I felt very gui lty on the issues. Another important thing I would like to mention that many times I could not make eye contacts with others at the time of talking with them. Other diagnostic tools like the Self Assertiveness questionnaire helped me to analyze my behavior. With the detailed analysis, I have understood that I am self sufficient when it comes to decision making. I can say it that I can make prompt decision on various situations. This is one of the most vital characteristics that a leader should hold. I believe that I can analyze the situation well and can come to a prompt decision (Carbaugh, 2013). In this respect, I would like to mention that unlike others, I do not feel like taking others point of view into consideration but I feel more comfortable when I make decisions on my own. The Quinn Management Questionnaire test has helped me to understand my competences and how well I shall be able manage the situation of an organization. Here lies the importance of developing better communication techniques at the workplace (Pekerti Thomas, 2015). I have understood that it is important to understand the perspective of others because business is a collaborative approach and that major decisions should be made on understanding others perspective as well (Verba, 2015). From the emotional intelligence test, I can say that I am not much concerned about others feelings and I generally focus on myself rather than thinking of others. Therefore, I think I need to improve my behavior as well as communication ability in order to create a better relationship with others. Personal experience: This part of the paper is based on my personal experience and the major issues of communications that I faced while dealing with people will be expressed here. Two such personal experiences will be narrated here. Once I went to a restaurant for a team dinner from my workplace. It was a Chinese restaurant. Personally I do not prefer to have Chinese food but as it was a group dinner, I did not say anything. However, a small dispute occurred at the time of ordering food. As I was not comfortable with all types of food item, my opinion with others did not match. In fact, we had an argument as well upon the food items to be ordered. I know that there was a fault from my end because I do not actually like to work on others perspective and I have a dominating characteristics. Therefore, from this understanding, I can say I lack in group communication and that I need to work on improving my group communication skills. Another incident took place when I went to a party organized by one of our clients. There were some other friends of the client as well as well. Two of his friends were Asian. I had very little knowledge about the culture and tradition of Asian. It was once I said something to one of those friends without any intension to hurt her. However, she was really hurt and even started crying. I felt very awkward and bad as well but then I realized that it was due to my insufficient knowledge about other cultures that I ended up in creating a mess situation. Therefore, I need to develop my cross-cultural communication as well. Two communication issues identified: With the detail analysis by using diagnostic tools and by professional experience as well, I can easily come down to two issues that I faced during communicating with people. Ineffective group communication: As it has been evident from both the reflective diagnosis as well as from the personal experience, I have understood that I have some issues related to group communication. I do not understand how to communicate with people when they remain together. I have good communication skills when it comes to talking with individual person but whenever there is a group and that I have to come down to a particular decision that shall address the decision making idea of all the members in the group. Therefore, I need to improve my group communication. Insufficient cross-cultural communication: Another important drawback of me in terms of communication issue is related to cross cultural communication. I have faced difficulties a lot of times while talking or dealing with people from other cultural backgrounds. I feel that it is important to have a basic knowledge about the culture of others in order to make an effective communication. However, I lack this quality and thus, there another communication issue that I face is definitely insufficiency related to cross cultural communication. Literature review This part of the paper carries out the literature review of understanding the importance of communication and the role that communication plays in a persons life. As it has been evident that the two major issues identified are ineffective group communication and lack of ability for cross cultural communication. Therefore, the literature review shall focus on these two issues. Models and theories of these concern issues will be discussed. It is on the basis of gaining knowledge from the literature review, an action plan can be developed that might help me to improve my communication activities with others. Concept of ineffective group communication: As stated by Berwick and Chomsky, (2015), any disruption or failure in the process of communication can be regarded as ineffective communication. Further Berwick and Chomsky, (2015) stated that language is the most pre dominant character when it comes to ineffective communication because communication takes place when there is an incoming and outgoing of messages (Kinloch Metge, 2014). Therefore, a message can be effective only when both the persons have understanding of the language. Theories of group communication: The functional theory of group communication talks about the outcome of an individuals skills and behavior. This theory focuses on the fact that an effective group communication helps to solve the problems and results in better decision making (Danziger, 2013). It has been pointed out that in order to develop a good group communication, it is important to have a critical approach towards decision making (Merkin, Taras Steel, 2014). Therefore, there are a number of factors that must be kept in check. For instance, a person should be committed to making best decision. Again, it has been pointed out that identifying the best suitable resources to carry out the communication is important (Harzing Pudelko, 2014). There are certain rules and interaction practices that one has to develop in order to be a part of the group communication. On the basis of understanding the situation, it is expected that a person should make the necessary adjustments and come down to a particular decision. Keeping the above perspective into consideration, it can be said that I have to be calm and patient when it comes to coming up to a particular conclusion. Therefore, it is important to be critical enough to understand the point of view of other members in the group and then only coming to a particular conclusion or decision. Symbolic Convergence Theory: The symbolic convergence theory is the sense making function of the communication process. Symbolic refers to both verbal and non-verbal communication while convergence states the meaning of the communication process (Hybels, 2014). The central idea of this theory is that in a group communication, some members are often found to come up with certain private code words that can only be decoded if the other members of the group understand the signs and symbols of that particular person (Chaney Martin, 2013). It is only when there remains chain connectivity with the members of a group, the communication process can be successful (Pennycook, 2014). In this respect, I have to say that the symbolic codes are easily understandable among a friend group but if the same thing is considered in terms of professional field then the same approach might not be successful enough. However, a certain level of communication has to be made that will help to make the communication better. Concept of cross-cultural communication: As stated by West and Turner, (2013), culture is the way of thinking and living the way that also determines ones attitudes, values, norms and some beliefs. This norms and beliefs definitely vary from one person to the other and it is for the same reason acknowledging about the culture of others will definitely help to carry out the communication well. Another important thing has been pointed out by Wood, (2015), that in the recent time, the impact of cross culture is much evident and it is for the same reason, one should have a clear understanding about others so as to carry out the communication process easily. Factors of ineffective cross cultural communication: Assumption of similarities: As pointed out by Beebe and Masterson, (2014), in a group communication sometimes the situation arises that a person among others assumes something about other person. This is one of the major reasons that create dispute among the members of a group (Thomas Peterson, 2014). Language differences: There remains a great possibility that there will be difference in the languages among the members of a group. With the difference in the language, there remains a great possibility that a member will be aware of the language of the other (Rahman Dijk, 2014). As evident, a communication cannot take place if the participants do not understand the language of others. Non-verbal misinterpretation: At times, it happen members in a group communicate with each other by some non-verbal means, with the use of some signs and symbols (Bochner, 2013). It is for the same reason there remains the possibilities of creating a dispute among the members. Thus, it is also important to understand the perspectives of others (Stacks Salwen, 2014). I have understood that in the era of globalization, there remains high possibility of the fact that one has to encounter with people from different cultural backgrounds. There remains a great possibility that some kind of dispute will occur if the collaboration level is not good enough among the members of a group. Therefore, it is very important to get a good level of knowledge and understanding about the culture of others as well. Conclusion: With the detail analysis on understanding the ineffective means of communication that I face in my life, I have understood that I need to develop my group communication and I have to increase my knowledge on understanding the culture of other people as well. The literature review carried out on understanding the topic has helped me to come up with an action plan that will certainly help me to develop my communication skills and at the same time would mold my behavior as well. Below mentioned are two action plans made to develop my behavior and skills to improve my communication with others. To develop my group communication: Factors Analysis S- Specific I have understood that in order to become a part of the corporate world, I have to be a part of many group communications because meetings and conversations are common in professional field and if do not develop my group communication ability, I would have to suffer. In order to develop my group communication, I would like to join some courses that would help me to improve my group communication. I would also read more books and journal articles just to increase my knowledge and understanding on how to develop my group communication. M- Measurable My development would be measured if I can comply with people easily. If I can easily overcome the issues that I face in the recent time then I could easily assume that I have developed my group communication. A- Achievable The objective is easily achievable if I devote some amount of time and focus on improving my group conversation. R- Relevant The objective is absolutely relevant because there is no doubt that we have to face other people either in group or might be individually. However, if we have a negative approach then problems will increase. T- Timely I think in order to cope up with this factor I would require a time frame of about 6 months. To increase my knowledge and understanding of cross-culture Factors Analysis S- Specific In order to increase my efficiency in terms of understanding about others culture, I have to increase my knowledge about the culture and tradition of others. I might enroll myself in a short course where I would get enough knowledge about different cultures and people of different countries. M- Measurable It is when I shall be able to deal with people from different backgrounds and that I would not face any trouble while communicating with people, I can ensure that I have improved my communication ability. A- Achievable The objective can be easily achieved if I focus on the learning process and devote at least 2 to 3 hours a day in gaining knowledge about others culture. R- Relevant The objective is absolutely relevant because in the era of globalization and cross-cultural impact, it is highly recommended to have some amount of knowledge and understanding about the culture of others. T- Timely In order to achieve this target, I think I will require a time of about 6-8 months. If I concentrate on my development, I can easily achieve the goals. 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